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1.
Mastology (Impr.) ; 32: 1-10, 2022.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1380407

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Most of the data on metastatic breast cancer (MBC) originate from hospital-based studies or controlled trials involving specific populations and controlled treatments. In this respect, few population-based studies have analyzed the profile of MBC in low- and middle-income countries. Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of women with de novo MBC using data from a population-based cancer registry (PBCR). Methods: An ecological study conducted in a PBCR in Goiânia, Brazil, for the 1995­2011 period. Women with MBC at diagnosis were included and the standardized incidence rate and annual percent change (APC) over the period were calculated. The women's clinical and demographic characteristics and data on diagnosis and treatment were analyzed. Results: Overall, 5,289 cases of breast cancer were registered in the Goiânia PBCR, 277 (5.2%) at metastatic stage. The adjusted incidence was 8.9/100,000 in 1995 and 6.04/100,000 in 2011 (APC: 1.1; p=0.6). Most of the patients (70.3%) were receiving care within the public healthcare system and the mean age at diagnosis was 54.7±14.5 years. Additional data for a subpopulation of 156 patients were identified at the city's two main treatment centers. According to immunohistochemistry, 53 women (67.1%) had hormone receptor-positive cancer. Of these, 14.0% (6/43) received endocrine therapy as first-line systemic treatment and 48.5% (17/35) as second-line treatment. A comparison of clinical data between the 1995­2003 and 2004­2011 periods revealed no significant differences in age, histological grade, locoregional staging, the presence of symptoms at diagnosis, or in treatment. Conclusion: This study population of women with MBC consisted predominantly of locally advanced tumors and the luminal-like subtype. The incidence rate of MBC in Goiânia did not change over the 17-year period. Most cases received chemotherapy as firstline systemic treatment irrespective of the tumor phenotype.

2.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 33(1): 82-88, Jan.-Feb. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-897975

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Chagas disease represents an important health problem with socioeconomic impacts in many Latin-American countries. It is estimated that 20% to 30% of the people infected by Trypanosoma cruzi will develop chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC), which is generally accompanied by heart failure (HF). Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may be indicated for patients with HF and electromechanical dysfunctions. Objective: The primary endpoint of this study was to analyze the response to CRT in patients with CCC, while the secondary endpoint was to estimate the survival rates of CRT responder patients. Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study. The records of 50 patients with CRT pacing devices implanted between June 2009 and March 2017 were analyzed. For statistical analyses, Pearson's correlation was used along with Student's t-test, and survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. A P value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of 50 patients, 56% were male, with a mean age of 63.4±13.3 years and an average CRT duration of 61.2±21.7 months. The mean QRS duration was 150.12±12.4 ms before and 116.04±2.2 ms after the therapy (P<0.001). The mean left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF) were 29±7% and 39.1±12.2% before and after CRT, respectively (P<0.001). A total of 35 (70%) patients had a reduction of at least one New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class after six months of therapy (P=0.014). The survival rate after 72 months was 45%. Conclusion: This study showed clinical improvement and a nonsignificant survival rate in patients with CCC after the use of CRT.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/mortality , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/therapy , Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy/methods , Survival Analysis , Chronic Disease , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies
3.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 44(5): 435-443, Sept.-Oct. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-896621

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the overall survival and prognostic factors of women with breast cancer in the city of Goiânia. Methods: this is a retrospective, cross-sectional, observational study that included women with malignant neoplasms of the breast identified by the Goiânia Population-based Cancer Registry. The variables studied were age at diagnosis, tumor size, staging, axillary lymph node involvement, tumor grade, disease extent, hormone receptors, and c-erb-B2 oncoprotein. We performed overall survival analyzes of five and ten years. Results: we included 2,273 patients in the study, with an overall survival of 72.1% in five years and 57.8% in ten years. In the multivariate analysis adjusted for tumor size, the factors that influenced the prognosis were axillary lymph nodes, histological grade, progesterone receptor, c erb B2, T staging and disease extension. Conclusion: overall survival in ten years is below that observed in other countries, and possibly reflects what happens with the majority of the Brazilian population. The prognostic factors found in this population follow the same international patterns.


RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a sobrevida global e os fatores prognósticos de mulheres com câncer de mama na cidade de Goiânia. Métodos: estudo observacional, retrospectivo, transversal, que incluiu mulheres portadoras de neoplasias malignas da mama identificadas pelo Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Goiânia. As variáveis estudadas foram: idade ao diagnóstico, tamanho do tumor, estadiamento, comprometimento dos linfonodos axilares, grau tumoral, extensão da doença, receptores hormonais e oncoproteína c-erb-B2. Foram realizadas análises de sobrevida global, de cinco e de dez anos. Resultados: foram incluídas no estudo 2273 pacientes, com sobrevida global em cinco anos de 72,1% e de 57,8% em dez anos. Na análise multivariada ajustada pelo tamanho do tumor, os fatores que influenciaram o prognóstico foram: linfonodos axilares, grau histológico, receptor de progesterona, c-erb-B2, estadiamento T e extensão da doença. Conclusão: a sobrevida global em dez anos está abaixo da observada em outros países, e possivelmente reflete o que acontece com a maioria da população brasileira. Os fatores prognósticos encontrados nesta população seguem o mesmo padrão internacional.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Prognosis , Time Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Urban Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Survival Rate , Retrospective Studies , Middle Aged
4.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 35(4): 171-177, abr. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-676299

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as alterações do sistema venoso axilo-subclávio e do sistema linfático em mulheres com linfedema após linfadenectomia axilar para o tratamento do câncer de mama. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo de série de casos, envolvendo 11 mulheres com linfedema unilateral de membro superior após linfadenectomia axilar para o tratamento do câncer de mama. O estudo foi realizado em hospital universitário do Brasil Central no período compreendido entre os meses de março de 2010 e março de 2011. Avaliou-se a presença de alterações venosas nas veias subclávia e axilar, por meio do exame de ultrassonografia com dopplervelocimetria, e de alterações linfáticas, pela linfocintilografia, em ambos os membros superiores. O teste Exato de Fisher foi utilizado na comparação entre os membros. RESULTADOS: No membro superior com linfedema, detectou-se diferença significativa na veia subclávia, em relação ao membro contralateral, quanto ao volume do fluxo (p<0,001), sendo que 54,6% das mulheres apresentaram fluxo aumentado. Já, na veia axilar, 45,4% apresentaram fluxo aumentado e 45,4% reduzido, com diferença significante (p<0,01) na comparação entre os membros. Também foram observadas alterações linfáticas significativas (p<0,05), em relação ao membro contralateral, representadas pelo trajeto do vaso (não visibilizado), número de vasos linfáticos (nenhum), linfonodos axilares (ausentes) e refluxo dérmico (presente). No membro superior contralateral sem linfedema, não foram encontradas alterações venosas ou linfáticas. CONCLUSÃO: As mulheres submetidas à linfadenectomia axilar para o tratamento do câncer de mama apresentam tanto alterações venosas quanto linfáticas no membro superior com linfedema.


PURPOSE: To evaluate changes in the venous axillary-subclavian and lymphatic systems of women with lymphedema after axillary lymphadenectomy for breast cancer treatment. METHODS: This was a case series involving 11 women with unilateral upper limb lymphedema after axillary lymphedenectomy for the treatment of breast cancer. The study was carried out in the Mastology Program of the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, during the period between March 2010 and March 2011. Doppler velocimetry ultrasonography was used to detect the presence of venous changes in the subclavian and axillary veins. Lymphatic changes were evaluated by lymphoscintigraphy in both upper limbs. Fisher's exact test was used for the comparison between limbs. RESULTS: Subclavian vein flow volume in the upper limb with lymphedema was significantly different from that in the contralateral limb (p<0.001), 54.6% of the women had increased flow. In the axillary vein, 45.4% had increased flow and 45.4% had decreased flow, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.01) between limbs. Compared to the contralateral limb, significant lymphatic changes (p<0.05) were also found in the vessel route (not visualized), number of lymphatic vessels (none), axillary lymph nodes (absent) and dermal reflux (present). In the contralateral upper limb without lymphedema, no venous or lymphatic alterations were encountered. CONCLUSION: The women subjected to axillary lymphadenectomy for the treatment of breast cancer presented both venous and lymphatic changes in the upper limb with lymphedema.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Axillary Vein/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Lymph Node Excision/adverse effects , Lymphedema/etiology , Lymphoid Tissue/pathology , Subclavian Vein/pathology , Axilla , Lymph Node Excision/methods
5.
Cad. saúde pública ; 29(3): 599-608, Mar. 2013. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-668907

ABSTRACT

The objective was to describe time trends in cervical cancer mortality rates in Brazil as a whole and in the country's major geographic regions and States from 1980 to 2009. This was an ecological time series study using data recorded in the Mortality Information System (SIM) and census data collected by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Analysis of mortality trends was performed using Poisson regression. Cervical cancer mortality rates in Brazil tended to stabilize. In the geographic regions, a downward trend was observed in the South (-4.1%), Southeast (-3.3%), and Central-West (-1%) and an upward trend in the Northeast (3.5%) and North (2.7%). The largest decreases were observed in the States of São Paulo (­5.1%), Rio Grande do Sul, Espírito Santo, and Paraná (-4.0%). The largest increases in mortality trends occurred in Paraíba (12.4%), Maranhão (9.8%), and Tocantins (8.9%). Cervical cancer mortality rates stabilized in the country as a whole, but there was a downward trend in three geographic regions and 10 States, while two geographic regions and another 10 States showed increasing rates.


O objetivo deste estudo foi fornecer um quadro quanto à tendência da mortalidade por câncer do colo de útero no Brasil, em suas regiões e estados, entre 1980 e 2009. Estudo ecológico de série temporal, com uso de informações sobre óbitos (Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade - SIM) e base demográfica (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE). Foram realizadas análises das tendências da mortalidade por meio da regressão de Poisson. Houve estabilização nas taxas de mortalidade no Brasil. Nas regiões, houve queda no Sul (-4,1%), Sudeste (-3,3%) e Centro-Oeste (-1%); aumento no Nordeste (3,5%) e Norte (2,7%). As maiores reduções foram observadas em São Paulo (-5,1%), Rio Grande do Sul, Espírito Santo e Paraná (-4,0%). Os maiores aumentos foram observados na Paraíba (12,4%), Maranhão (9,8%) e Tocantins (8,9%). No Brasil, houve estabilização na mortalidade por câncer do colo do útero. No entanto, houve redução em 3 regiões e em 10 estados, enquanto, em 2 regiões e em outros 10 estados, a mortalidade segue aumentando. Uma das razões para essa disparidade pode ser o menor acesso ao tratamento para as pacientes de áreas menos desenvolvidas.


El objetivo fue analizar la mortalidad por cáncer de cuello de útero en Brasil, en sus macrorregiones y estados en el período de 1980 a 2009. Se trata de un estudio ecológico de serie temporal, con uso de información sobre óbitos del Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad (SIM), y base demográfica del Instituto Brasileño de Geografía y Estadística (IBGE). Se realizaron análisis de las tendencias de la mortalidad, mediante la regresión de Poisson. En Brasil se observó la estabilización en las tasas de mortalidad. En las macrorregiones, hubo caída en el Sur (-4,1%), Sudeste (-3,3%) y Centro-Oeste (-1%); aumento en el Nordeste (3,5%) y Norte (2,7%). En los estados, las principales caídas fueron observadas en São Paulo (-5,1%), Rio Grande do Sul, Espírito Santo y Paraná (-4%). Los mayores aumentos se observaron en Paraíba (12,4%), Maranhão (9,8%) y Tocantins (8,9%). Conclusión: Brasil presenta estabilización en las tasas de mortalidad. No obstante, hubo una reducción en 3 macrorregiones y en 10 estados, mientras que en 2 macrorregiones y en 10 estados la mortalidad sigue aumentando. Una de las razones para esa disparidad puede ser el menor acceso al tratamiento para las pacientes de áreas menos desarrolladas.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/mortality , Brazil/epidemiology , Ecological Studies , Epidemiologic Methods , Information Systems , Mortality/trends , Time Series Studies
6.
São Paulo med. j ; 131(1): 27-34, mar. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-668877

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES

Esophageal cancer is the eighth commonest type of cancer worldwide, occupying sixth place in terms of mortality. Smoking and alcohol use are known risk factors for this type of cancer. The aim here was to evaluate the risk factors for esophageal cancer in a low-incidence area. DESIGN AND SETTING

Case-control study in Goiânia, with 99 cases of esophageal cancer and 223 controls. METHODS

The variables were sociodemographic, dietary, occupational and lifestyle data. The sample was analyzed using the chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test and Mantel-Haenszel approach for multivariate analysis. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated with 5% significance and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS

The risk of esophageal cancer was higher in patients ≥ 55 years (OR = 1.95; P < 0.001). Patients from rural areas were at greater risk of esophageal cancer (OR = 4.9; P < 0.001). Smoking was a risk factor among the cases (OR = 3.8; P < 0.001), as was exposure to woodstoves (OR = 4.42; P < 0.001). The practice of oral sex was not a risk factor (OR = 0.45; P = 0.04). Consumption of apples, pears, vegetables, cruciferous vegetables and fruit juices were protective against esophageal cancer. CONCLUSION

In a region in which the incidence of esophageal cancer is low, the most significant risk factors were exposure to woodstoves, smoking and living in rural areas. .


CONTEXTO E OBJETIVOS

O câncer de esôfago é o oitavo tipo mais comum em todo o mundo, ocupando o sexto lugar em termos de mortalidade. Fatores de risco conhecidos para esse tipo de câncer são o consumo de tabaco e o álcool. O objetivo foi avaliar os fatores de risco para câncer de esôfago em uma área de baixa incidência. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL

Estudo caso-controle em Goiânia, com 99 casos de câncer de esôfago e 223 controles. MÉTODOS

As variáveis foram dados sociodemográficos, alimentares, ocupacionais e de estilo de vida. A amostra foi analisada pelo teste do qui-quadrado, Mann-Whitney e de Mantel-Haenszel para análise multivariada. Foram calculados a odds ratio (OR) com significância em 5% e o intervalo de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS

O risco de câncer de esôfago foi maior em pacientes ≥ 55 anos (OR = 1,95, P < 0,001). Pacientes de áreas rurais estavam em risco maior de câncer de esôfago (OR = 4,9; P < 0,001). O tabagismo foi um fator de risco entre os casos (OR = 3,8; P < 0,001), bem como exposição ao fogão a lenha (OR = 4,42; P < 0,001). A prática do sexo oral não foi fator de risco (OR = 0.45; P = 0,04). Consumo de maçãs, peras, legumes, vegetais crucíferos e sucos de frutas foi protetor contra o câncer de esôfago. CONCLUSÃO

Em uma região em que a incidência de câncer de esôfago é baixa, os fatores de risco mais significativos foram a exposição a fogão a lenha, tabagismo e viver em zona rural. .


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cooking/instrumentation , Diet/adverse effects , Esophageal Neoplasms/etiology , Inhalation Exposure/adverse effects , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Smoking/adverse effects , Soot/toxicity , Brazil/epidemiology , Epidemiologic Methods , Esophageal Neoplasms/prevention & control , Fruit , Risk Factors , Vegetables , Wood
7.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 25(4): 235-239, out.-dez. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-665738

ABSTRACT

RACIONAL: O tratamento padrão do câncer gástrico ainda apresenta alta morbidade e mortalidade em populações ocidentais. Grupos de pacientes com risco negligenciável de metástase linfonodal podem se beneficiar de tratamentos menos invasivos. Dados referentes à frequência e fatores preditivos relacionados a metástase linfática em câncer gástrico precoce são raros. OBJETIVOS: Realizar a análise de frequência e fatores preditivos relacionados à metástase linfática em pacientes com câncer gástrico precoce tratados em centro terciário do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Novecentos e vinte e três pacientes foram submetidos à gastrectomias por adenocarcinoma gástrico. Destes, 126 tinham tumores precoces e foram avaliadas características clínicas e patológicas relacionadas e metástases linfáticas. RESULTADOS: Metástases linfonodais foram observadas em 7,8% dos pacientes com tumores mucosos e 22,6% dos tumores submucosos. A presença de ulceração, tipo histológico de Lauren, tumores maiores que 50 mm, invasão de submucosa e presença de invasão linfática ou vascular foram fatores significativos em análise univariada. A presença de ulceração, lesões maiores que 50 mm, infiltração da camada submucosa e invasão linfática foram fatores independentemente relacionados à metástase linfática em análise multivariada. CONCLUSÃO: Ulceração, lesões maiores que 50 mm, infiltração da camada submucosa e invasão linfática são fatores de risco independentes relacionados à metástase linfática em câncer gástrico precoce.


BACKGROUND: The standard treatment of gastric cancer still has high morbidity and mortality in western populations. Groups of patients with negligible risk of lymph node metastasis may benefit from less invasive treatments. Data regarding the frequency and predictive factors related to lymphatic metastasis in early gastric cancer are rare. AIM: To perform the analysis of frequency and predictive factors related to lymphatic metastasis in patients with early gastric cancer treated in a tertiary center in Brazil. METHODS: Nine hundred and twenty three patients underwent gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma at the hospital. Of these, 126 had early tumors and were included in the analysis. Clinical and pathological related findings and lymphatic metastasis were evaluated. RESULTS: Lymph node metastases were observed in 7.8% of patients with mucosal tumors and 22.6% of submucosal tumors. The presence of ulceration, Lauren histologic type, tumors larger than 50 mm, submucosal invasion, and presence of lymphatic or vascular invasion were significant factors in univariate analysis. The presence of ulceration, lesions larger than 50 mm, infiltration of the submucosal layer and lymphatic invasion were factors independently related to lymphatic metastasis in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Ulceration, lesions larger than 50 mm, infiltration of the submucosal layer and lymphatic invasion are independent risk factors related to lymphatic metastasis in early gastric cancer.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology , Lymphatic Metastasis , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis
8.
Clinics ; 67(7): 731-737, July 2012. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-645443

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the temporal trends in female breast cancer mortality rates in Brazil in its macro-regions and states between 1980 and 2009. METHODS: This was an ecological time-series study using data on breast cancer deaths registered in the Mortality Data System (SIM/WHO) and census data on the resident population collected by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE/WHO). Joinpoint regression analyses were used to identify the significant changes in trends and to estimate the annual percentage change (APC) in mortality rates. RESULTS: Female breast cancer mortality rates in Brazil tended to stabilize from 1994 onward (APC = 0.4%). Considering the Brazilian macro-regions, the annual mortality rates decreased in the Southeast, stabilized in the South and increased in the Northeast, North, and Midwest. Only the states of Sao Paulo (APC = -1.9%), Rio Grande do Sul (APC = -0.8%) and Rio de Janeiro (APC = -0.6%) presented a significant decline in mortality rates. The greatest increases were found in Maranhao (APC=12%), Paraiba (APC=11.9%), and Piaui (APC=10.9%). CONCLUSION: Although there has been a trend toward stabilization in female breast cancer mortality rates in Brazil, when the mortality rate of each macro-region and state is analyzed individually, considerable inequalities are found, with rate decline or stabilization in states with higher socioeconomic levels and a substantial increase in those with lower socioeconomic levels.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Young Adult , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Brazil/epidemiology , Geography, Medical/statistics & numerical data , Health Status Disparities , Incidence , Socioeconomic Factors
9.
Appl. cancer res ; 32(1): 6-11, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, Inca | ID: lil-661569

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Esophageal cancer worldwide is the eighth and sixth most common cancer in terms of incidence and mortality, respectively. Early diagnosis and clinical staging of the tumor, followed by standard treatment and the surgeon's experience, are essential for better patient survival. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the staging and survival of patients with esophageal cancer undergoing treatment in a low-volume hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective, hospital-based study was conducted to analyze survival, clinical staging and pos-toperative death rates. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-Rank test with 5 percent significant level. RESULTS: Ninety-nine cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus were analyzed: 77 males (77.8 percent) and 22 females (22.2 percent). Most of the patients (68; 68.7 percent) were above 55 years of age. The standard treatment for esophageal cancer at the time of the study was surgical: esophagectomy with lymphadenectomy. Thirty-seven patients (37.4 percent) were submitted to surgical curative treatment and 62 (62.6 percent) to palliative care. For patients at initial stages of the disease, overall 1-year survival was 39 percent, with rates of 23 percent at 2 years and 17 percent in the third year. For advanced stages, survival ranged from 26.9 percent in the first year to 12.4 percent in the second year and 6.4 percent in the third year. CONCLUSION: Survival in patients with esophageal cancer was better in the initial stages in comparison with advanced stages.


Subject(s)
General Surgery , Palliative Care , Esophageal Neoplasms
10.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 38(4): 212-216, jul.-ago. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-601060

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Descrever os casos de câncer de mama nas mulheres residentes em Goiânia no período 1989-2003. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo, descritivo, que incluiu todos os casos de câncer de mama ocorridos nas moradoras de Goiânia, identificados pelo Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Goiânia (RCBPGO), no período de 1989 a 2003. As variáveis estudadas foram: idade, método de diagnóstico, localização topográfica, morfologia e extensão do câncer de mama. Foram utilizadas frequências e taxas percentuais, além da regressão de Poisson para determinação da mudança percentual anual (MPA). RESULTADOS: Foram identificados 3204 casos de câncer de mama. A localização topográfica mais frequente foi o quadrante superior lateral (53,7 por cento). O carcinoma ductal infiltrante (CDI) foi o mais freqüente, com 2582 casos (80,6 por cento), seguido pelo carcinoma lobular infiltrante (CLI), com 155 casos (4,8 por cento). Houve aumento significante tanto do CDI quanto do CLI, sendo a MPA de 11,0 por cento e de 15,4 por cento, respectivamente. A proporção entre CDI e CLI não foi influenciada pela idade (p=0,98). Quanto à extensão do tumor ao diagnóstico, 45,6 por cento dos casos eram localizados na mama, sendo que a MPA foi de 16,1 por cento (IC= 12,4 a 20,0; p<0,001). Houve tendência de redução da MPA dos casos metastáticos (-3,8; IC= -8,6 a 1,2; p=0,12). CONCLUSÃO: A localização topográfica e o tipo histológico do câncer de mama, na cidade de Goiânia, seguem o padrão de outros países. Os principais tipos morfológicos não foram influenciados pela idade. Houve grande aumento de casos iniciais.


OBJECTIVE: To describe cases of breast cancer in women living in Goiânia from 1989-2003. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive stud, which included all cases of breast cancer occurring in residents of Goiânia, identified by the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Goiânia (RCBPGO) in the period from 1989 to 2003. The variables were: age, method of diagnosis, topographic location, morphology and extent of breast cancer. We used frequencies and percentage rates, and Poisson regression to determine the annual percentage change (APC). RESULTS: We identified 3204 cases of breast cancer. The most frequent topographic location was the superior-lateral quadrant (53.7 percent). Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) was the most frequent, with 2582 cases (80.6 percent), followed by infiltrating lobular carcinoma (ILC), with 155 cases (4.8 percent). There was a significant increase of both the IDC and the ILC, with APCs of 11.0 percent and 15.4 percent, respectively. The ratio between IDC and ILC was not influenced by age (p = 0.98). As for tumor extent at diagnosis, 45.6 percent were located in the breast, and the APC was 16.1 percent (CI = 12.4 to 20.0, p <0.001). There was a trend of APC reduction of metastatic cases (-3.8, CI = -8.6 to 1.2, p = 0.12). CONCLUSION: The topographical location and histological type of breast cancer in the city of Goiania followed the pattern of other countries. The main morphological types were not influenced by age. There was a large increase in initial cases.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors
11.
São Paulo med. j ; 129(5): 309-314, 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-604790

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Studies have shown increased prevalence rates for breast cancer, relating to higher incidence, longer survival and breast cancer prevention programs among populations. The aim here was to analyze the annual prevalence of breast cancer in Goiânia over a 15-year period. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional study on women with breast cancer diagnosed in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, from 1988 to 2002. METHODS: The breast cancer cases were identified in the database of the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Goiânia. The 15-year period was stratified into three five-year periods. The cases were followed up for five years, and the mortality database was used to exclude deaths. The population of the official census was used as the denominator for rate calculations. RESULTS: The coefficient of breast cancer prevalence in Goiania was 22.87/100,000 in 1988 and 220.22/100,000 women in 2002. The analyses for periods showed that in the first period, the rate was 19.39/100,000 and that it was 44.79/100,000 in the last period. For the fifteen years analyzed, the prevalence rate for breast cancer was 127.24/100,000 women. The annual percentage change was 27.07 (P < 0.001; 95 percent confidence interval, CI: 20.79-33.67) from 1988 to 1992 and 9.39 (P < 0.001; 95 percent CI: 8.52-10.25) from 1992 to 2002. CONCLUSION: There was an increase in the breast cancer prevalence rate in the city of Goiânia between 1988 and 2002, possibly relating to the improvement in the screening and treatment of breast cancer.


CONTEXO E OBJETIVO: Estudos têm demonstrado um aumento da taxa de prevalência para o câncer de mama relacionado à maior incidência, maior sobrevida e programas de prevenção do câncer de mama na população. O objetivo foi analisar a prevalência anual de câncer de mama em Goiânia, num período de 15 anos. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo de corte transversal de mulheres com câncer de mama em Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil, no período de 1988 a 2002. METODOS: Os casos de câncer de mama foram identificados na base de dados do Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Goiânia. Os 15 anos foram estratificados em quinquênios. As pacientes foram seguidas por cinco anos e utilizaram-se os dados da mortalidade para exclusão dos óbitos. Utilizou-se a população do censo oficial como denominador para o cálculo das taxas. RESULTADOS: O coeficiente de prevalência de câncer de mama em Goiânia foi de 22,87/100000 em 1988 e 220,22/100000 mulheres em 2002. As análises para os períodos evidenciaram que, no primeiro período, a taxa foi de 19,39/100000, e de 44,79/100000 no último período. Nos 15 anos de análise, a taxa de prevalência foi de 127,24/100000 mulheres. A mudança percentual anual foi de 27,07 (P < 0,001; intervalo de confiança, IC 95 por cento 20,79-33,67) de 1988 a 1992 e 9,39 (P < 0,001; IC 95 por cento 8,52-10,25) de 1992 a 2002. CONCLUSÃO: Houve aumento da taxa de prevalência do câncer de mama na cidade de Goiânia no período de 1988 a 2002, possivelmente relacionado à melhora do rastreamento e do tratamento do câncer de mama.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Incidence , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors
12.
São Paulo med. j ; 128(2): 81-84, 2010. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-554260

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: It has been suggested that there has been a large increase in breast cancer incidence among young women over the last decade. The aim of this study was to describe the incidence of breast cancer among young women up to 39 years of age in Goiânia, between 1988 and 2003, and to compare this with other age groups. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective study using the database of the Population-based Cancer Registry of Goiânia, State of Goiás, Brazil. METHODS: The incidence was calculated according to age groups: up to 39 years, 40 to 59 years and 60 years and over. Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) were estimated for the different age groups using Poisson regression. RESULTS: Over this period, 3,310 new cases were recorded. The standardized incidence was 2.89/100,000 in 1988 and increased to 6.37/100,000 in 2003 (R² = 0.52) for the group aged up to 39 years (p < 0.003). For the group from 40 to 59 years old, the incidence was 14.39/100,000 in 1988 and 41.70/100,000 in 2003 (R² = 0.85; p < 0.001). For the group aged 60 years and over, it was 17.62/100,000 and 28.49/100,000, respectively (R² = 0.67; p < 0.001). The AAPCs were 5.22 percent, 5.53 percent and 4.54 percent for the age groups up to 39, 40 to 59 and 60 years and over, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of breast cancer among young women in Goiânia has been increasing significantly, although this change was similar to the increase in other age groups.


CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Tem sido sugerido que há um grande aumento na incidência do câncer de mama em mulheres jovens na última década. O objetivo deste estudo é descrever a incidência do câncer de mama em mulheres jovens (até 39 anos) em Goiânia, entre 1988 e 2003, comparando com os demais grupos etários. DESENHO E LOCAL: Estudo retrospectivo utilizando o banco de dados do Registro de Câncer de Base populacional de Goiânia/Goiás, Brasil. MÉTODOS: As incidências foram calculadas de acordo com os grupos etários: até 39 anos, 40 a 59 anos e, 60 anos acima. A mudança da média percentual anual (MMPA) foi estimada para os diferentes grupos usando a regressão de Poisson. RESULTADOS: No período, foram registrados 3.310 novos casos. A incidência padronizada foi de 2,89/100.000 em 1988 tendo aumentado para 6,37/100.000 em 2003 (R² = 0,52) para o grupo com até 39 anos (p < 0,003). Para o grupo de 40 a 59 anos a incidência foi de 14,39/100.000 em 1988 e de 41,70/100.000 em 2003 (R² = 0,85; p < 0,001); para o grupo de 60 anos e acima foi de 17,62/100.000 e 28,49/100.000, respectivamente (R² = 0,67; p < 0,001). A MMPA foi de 5,22 por cento, 5,53 por cento e 4,54 por cento para os grupos etários de até 39 anos, 40 a 59 e 60 ou mais, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: A incidência de câncer de mama em mulheres jovens em Goiânia vem aumentando significativamente, entretanto esse aumento é semelhante ao observado nos demais grupos etários.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Age Distribution , Brazil/epidemiology , Incidence , Retrospective Studies , Young Adult
13.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 31(5): 219-223, maio 2009. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-521530

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar a mudança temporal do estádio clínico do câncer de mama ao diagnóstico em mulheres residentes em Goiânia entre 1989 e 2003. MÉTODOS: estudo retrospectivo, utilizando-se a base de dados do Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Goiânia. As variáveis estudadas foram: idade, diagnóstico histológico, localização do tumor, tipo histológico e estádio clínico da doença. O período estudado foi dividido em três quinquênios: de 1989 a 1993, de 1994 a 1998 e de 1999 a 2003. Utilizou-se o teste Z para comparação das frequências da extensão ao diagnóstico por quinquênio. RESULTADOS: foram identificados 3.204 casos de câncer de mama. A média de idade foi de 56 anos (dp±16 anos). Quanto ao estádio da doença, evidenciou-se que 45,6% dos casos eram localizados na mama, com aumento de 19,2% entre o primeiro e o terceiro quinquênio (p<0,001; IC95%=0,14-0,23) e 10,2% de casos eram metastáticos, Entretanto, foi observada uma redução de 17,7% para os casos metastáticos no mesmo período (p<0,001; IC95%=0,14-0,21). A taxa de casos in situ entre 1989 e 1993 foi de 0,2%, aumentando para 6,2% em 1999-2003 (p<0,001; IC95%=4,9-7,4). CONCLUSÃO: observou-se um aumento dos casos de carcinoma in situ e de carcinomas invasores localizados somente na mama em detrimento de uma redução dos casos com metástases linfonodais e à distância.


PURPOSE: To analyze the temporal changes of breast cancer staging at diagnosis among women living in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, between 1989 and 2003. METHODS: Retrospective and descriptive study in which the cases were identified from the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Goiânia for the period from 1989 to 2003. The variables studied were age, diagnostic method, topographic sublocation, morphology and breast cancer staging. Frequency analyses were carried out on the variables and means, and the medians for the age were determined. The SPSS® 15.0 software was used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: A total of 3,204 breast cancer cases were collected. The mean age was 56 years (sd±16 years). With regard to clinical staging, 45.6% of the cases were found to be localized in the breast, with an increased rate of 19.25% between the first and the third five-year period (p<0.001; CI 95%=0.14-0.23) and 10.2% of cases were with distant metastases. However, a reduction of 17.74% for metastatic cases in the same interval (p<0.001 e CI 95%=0.14-21) was observed. The in situ case rate was 0.2% in 1989-1993 and increased to 6.2% in 1999-2003 (p<0.001, IC95%=4.9-7.4). CONCLUSION: The diagnostic profile of breast cancer in the city of Goiânia is changing. Substantial increases in the number of early breast cancer cases are being found in relation to the number of advanced cases.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Brazil , Neoplasm Staging , Registries , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors
14.
Rev. bras. cir. cabeça pescoço ; 37(2): 62-66, abr.-jun. 2008. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-489627

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O câncer da tireóide é responsável por 2% de todos os tumores malignos, sendo três vezes mais freqüente nas mulheres do que nos homens. Uma tendência de aumento na incidência do câncer da tireóide tem sido reconhecida em várias partes do mundo. A provável causa é o maior acesso aos exames ultra-sonográficos e o uso da citologia aspirativa por agulha fina guiada pela ultra-sonografia. Objetivos: Avaliar o perfil do câncer da tireóide em Goiânia no período de 1988 a 2003. Métodos: Foi analisado o banco de dados do Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Goiânia (RCBP-Goiânia) no período de coleta de 1988 a 2003 e agrupado em períodos de cinco anos para comparação. A idade foi estratificada em décadas de vida. Analisou-se a extensão da doença sendo: localizado, metástase loco-regional e metástase à distância. Agruparam-se os tipos histológicos em: carcinomas papilífero, folicular, medular, anaplásico, linfomas e outros, segundo CID-03. Resultados: Foram notificados 613 casos de câncer de tireóide em Goiânia, sendo 509 (83%) para o gênero feminino e 104 (17%) para o masculino (razão de 5:1). A análise quanto à extensão demonstrou serem 61,5% localizados, 7% com doença linfonodal e 7,5% com metástase à distância. O tipo histológico de maior freqüência foi o carcinoma papilífero, com 61%, seguido do carcinoma folicular, com 20,2%. Os coeficientes de incidência padronizados para o gênero feminino foram 4,89/100.000 no primeiro qüinqüênio, 4,72/100.000 no segundo e 11,67/100.000 no último qüinqüênio. Conclusão: O aumento da incidência do câncer de tireóide no período pode estar relacionado à melhora do diagnóstico, uma vez que a maioria dos casos diagnosticados foi doença localizada especialmente no último qüinqüênio.


Introduction: Thyroid cancer is responsible for 2% of all malignant tumors, being three times more common in women than in men. A rising tendency in incidence of thyroid cancer has been recognized all over the world. A probable cause for it is the larger access to ultrasound exams and the use of fine-needle aspiration cytology guided by ultrasound. Objective: To evaluate the thyroid cancer profile in Goiânia from 1988 to 2003. Methods: The data base of Cancer Register of Population Base from Goiânia (RCBP-Goiânia) in the period of the data collection from 1988 to 2003 was analyzed and put together into five-year periods for comparison. The age was stratified in life decades. The extent of the disease was stratified in located, local metastasis and distant metastasis. The histological types were grouped in papillary, follicular, medullary, anaplastic carcinoma, lymphomas and others, according to ICD-O3. Results: 613 cases of thyroid cancer were notified in Goiânia, from which 509 (83%) were women and 104 (17%) men (proportion, 5:1). The analysis about the extension showed that 61.5% were located, 7% with lymph node disease and 7.5% with distant metastasis. The most frequent histological type was papillary carcinoma with 61%, followed by follicular carcinoma with 20.2%. The standard incidence coefficient for women was 4.89/100.000 in the first five years, 4.72/100.000 in the second and 11.67/100.000 in the last five years. Conclusion: The increase of thyroid cancer incidence in this period might be related to the improvement in the diagnosis, once most of the diagnosed cases were located disease, especially in the last five years.

15.
Rev. bras. cir. cabeça pescoço ; 37(2): 82-87, abr.-jun. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-489631

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Estudos dos fatores de risco para os cânceres de boca e orofaringe constituem-se em relevante ferramenta para políticas de promoção e prevenção da saúde. Alguns fatores, como o tabagismo e o etilismo, são amplamente estudados; outros, como a ocupação, carecem de mais estudos. Objetivos: Verificar os fatores de riscos associados ao câncer de boca e orofaringe. Métodos: Estudo caso-controle multicêntrico entre o RCBP-Goiânia e a IARC. Os casos foram selecionados no Serviço de Cabeça e Pescoço do Hospital Araújo Jorge, Goiânia. Os controles foram pacientes de dois hospitais da Rede Pública Estadual de Saúde, não especializados em Oncologia, em Goiânia. Foram avaliadas as exposições, classificadas conforme a descrição do IARC (1987). Foram utilizados os testes de qui-quadrado e o teste T de Student, quando aplicáveis. A associação entre a variável dependente (câncer) e as variáveis independentes (as exposições aos agentes carcinogênicos) foi estimada pelo cálculo da OR bruta e da ajustada por tabagismo, por etilismo e por origem de residência, com IC de 95%. Resultados: Foram selecionados 200 (41,8%) pacientes considerados casos e 279 controles (58,2%). A análise multivariada demonstrou que a fumaça de cromatos, os pigmentos, os pó de algodão, o aerosol de animais, os pesticidas e a poeira de madeira foram fatores de risco independentes para o câncer de boca e orofaringe. Conclusão: A exposição ocupacional às substâncias carcinogênicas em ambientes de trabalho também são fatores de risco para o câncer de boca e orofaringe; portanto, a adoção de uma política de prevenção pelos órgãos fiscalizadores do trabalho, bem como campanhas mais efetivas contra o hábito de fumar e o uso de bebidas alcoólicas podem promover a redução desse tipo de câncer em grandes populações.


Introduction: Researches about the risk factors for oral and oropharyngeal cancer constitute in a relevant tool for politics of health promotion and prevention. Some factors as tobacco smoking and alcohol are widely studied; others such as occupation ask for further research. Objective: To verify the risk factors associated to oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Methods: a prospective multicentric case-control between RCBP- Goiânia and IARC. The cases were selected from the Head and Neck Service at Araújo Jorge Hospital, Goiânia. The controls were patients from two public hospitals not specialized in Oncology, in Goiânia. The expositions classified according to IARC's description (1987) were evaluated. The chi-squared test and Student's T test were used, when applicable. The association between the dependent variable (cancer) and the independent variables of exposition to the carcinogenic agents were estimated by calculating the gross OR and adjusted by tobacco smoking, alcohol and residence origin with a 95% IC. Results: 200 patients (41.8%) considered cases and 279 (58.2%) controls were selected. The multivariated analysis showed that chromate smoke, pigments, cotton powder, animals' aerosol, pesticides and wood dust were independent risk factors to oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Conclusion: The occupational exposition to carcinogenic substances in work environment are risk factors to oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Therefore, the adoption of prevention politics by the work controlling agencies, as well as more effective campaigns against the smoking habit and the use of alcoholic beverages may promote the reduction of this kind of cancer in large populations.

16.
Appl. cancer res ; 28(1): 11-16, 2008.
Article in English | LILACS, Inca | ID: lil-504009

ABSTRACT

In developed countries, oral cancer is the eightieth most common cancer type, whereas in the developing world it is the fourth most common type of the disease. Known risk factors for oral cancer are smoking, alcohol consumption, poor oral hygiene, poorly-fitting dentures. This study analyzed sociodemographic and dietary factors as risk factors for cancer of the mouth and oropharynx. Patients and Methods: This case-control study was carried out from November 1998 to June 2003. The cases were patients with a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth and oropharynx at the Araujo Jorge Hospital in Goiania, Goias, Brazil. Controls were selected in two public general hospitals of Goiania with no oncologic departments. Results: The study consisted of 200 cases (41.8%) and 279 controls (58.2%). Multivariate analysis, adjusted for smoking, alcohol consumption and place of residence, showed that fish, fresh tomatoes, citric fruit, apples and pears consumption was a protective factor, while cakes and desserts remain as independent risk factors. Conclusions: Dietary habits are important in the prevention of oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Healthy dietary habits should be stimulated through educational campaigns, the objective of which should also be to combat alcohol and tobacco consumption.


Subject(s)
Humans , Feeding Behavior , Neoplasms , Oropharynx , Tobacco
17.
Rev. bras. cir. cabeça pescoço ; 36(2)abr.-jun. 2007. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-482651

ABSTRACT

Introdução: os cânceres de boca e orofaringe apresentam distribuição mundial heterogênea, com predomínio em homens acima de 50 anos. No Brasil, foi registrada alta incidência de câncer oral em Porto Alegre, Belém, Goiânia, Campinas e Fortaleza, sendo considerado o quarto mais freqüente em homens e o sétimo mais freqüente em mulheres. Objetivo: avaliar incidência, mortalidade e tendências do câncer oral e de orofaringe em Goiânia, de 1988-2003. Método: Os casos incidentes foram obtidos do Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional de Goiânia (RCBPGO), de 1988-2003 e foram estratificados em grupos <45 e >45 anos. Resultados: As taxas acumuladas para o câncer oral foram 0,73/100000 (1988-1992) e 0,97/100000 (1998-2003) para <45 anos e de 4,30 a 9,52/100000 >45 anos em homens, respectivamente. Nas mulheres, as taxas foram 0,41/100000 (1988-1992) e 0,25/100000 (1998-2003). As taxas para o câncer de orofaringe, em homens, nos períodos de 1988-1992, 1993-1997 e 1998-2003 foram 0,12; 0,35 e 0,28/100000 (<45) e 1,87; 5,04 e 3,66/100000 (>45) respectivamente; nas mulheres foram 0,84; 0,73 e 1,00/100000 (<45), 3,02; 2,56 e 3,65/100000, respectivamente. A tendência evidenciou discreto aumento de casos incidentes de câncer oral e pequena redução em orofaringe. As taxas de mortalidade mantiveram-se elevadas nos homens e estáveis nas mulheres. Conclusão: Os dados analisados no câncer de boca e orofaringe demonstraram que a dificuldade de acesso ao tratamento, assim como a exposição ao tabaco e álcool, são fatores que impedem a redução da mortalidade dessas neoplasias em Goiânia.


Introduction: Oropharynx and mouth cancers show a world heterogeneous distribution predominantly in men aged more than 50 years. There has been registered high incidence of oral cancer in Brazil in the cities of Porto Alegre, Belém, Goiânia, Campinas and Fortaleza, being it considered the fourth most common cancer in men and the seventh most often in women. Objective: To analyze the incidence, mortality and tendency of mouth and oropharynx cancer in Goiânia during the period of 1988-2003. Methods: Incident cases were obtained from Goiânia Population Based Cancer Registry (PBCR-GO) from 1988 to 2003 and were stratified into groups <45 and >45 years old. Results: Cumulative incidence rates for oral cancer were 0.73/100000 (1988-1992) and 0.97/100000 (1998-2003) <45 years old and 4.30 to 9,52/100000 >45 years old in men, respectively. In women, the rates were 0,41/100000 (1988-1992) and 0.25/100000 (1998-2003). Oropharyngeal cancer levels in men over the period of 1988-1992, 1993-1997 and 1998-2003 were 0.12; 0.35 and 0.28/100000 (<45) and 1.87; 5.04 and 3.66/100000 (>45) respectively, in women were 0.84; 0.73 and 1.00/100000 (<45), 3.02; 2.56 and 3.65/100000 respectively. It was shown a slight increasing in the incidence of oral cancer and a small decreasing in oropharyngeal ones. Mortality levels were kept high in men and stable in women. Conclusion: According to the analyzed data in oropharyngeal and oral cancer, it is still difficult the access to the treatment. Furthermore, the exposition to tobacco and alcohol are factors whose prevention is decreasing the mortality rates from these malignancies in Goiânia.

18.
Rev. bras. mastologia ; 16(1): 17-21, mar. 2006. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-558620

ABSTRACT

Os autores se propõem a avaliar a tendência da incidência e da mortalidade por câncer de mama em Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil, no período de 15 anos. Os valores absolutos de casos novos de câncer de mama, por ano, foram cruzados com o número de habitantes para o respectivo ano (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE). O cálculo da incidência e da mortalidade foi feito dividindo-se o número de casos novos, ou óbitos, por ano, pelo número de habitantes para o respectivo ano. Os valores foram ajustados por sexo e idade, de acordo com o padrão internacional. Para verificar a tendência, foi realizada a análise polinomial para a incidência e a mortalidade. No período de 1988 a 2002, foram registrados 2.904 novos casos. A taxa ajustada para a população mundial foi de 31,88/100.000 em 1988, tendo aumentado progressivamente para 51,35/100.000 em 2002 (R2 = 0,10). A taxa ajustada de mortalidade foi de 14,87/100.000 em 1988, chegando a 25,09/100.000 em 1993 e caindo para 18,18/100.000 em 2002 (R2 = 0,12). A taxa de incidência por câncer de mama na cidade de Goiânia teve uma tendência discreta de aumento. Já a mortalidade manteve-se inalterada durante o período de 1988 a 2002, porém com discreta redução nos últimos sete anos.


The authors propose to evaluate the trend of incidence and mortality rates for breast cancer in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, for a period of 15 years. Absolute values of new breast cancer cases per year were crossed with the number of inhabitants for the corresponding year (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE). The values were adjusted for sex and age, according to international standards. Incidence and mortality rates were calculated by dividing the number of new cases, or deaths, by years, by the number of inhabitants for the corresponding year. The trend was verified by means of a polynomial analysis for both the incidence and the mortality. During that period 2,904 cases were recorded. The adjusted rate for the world population was 31.88/100,000 in 1988, and that figure increased to 51.35/100,000 in 2002 (R2 = 0.10). The adjusted mortality rate was 14.87/100,000 in 1988, increasing to 25.09/100.000 in 1993 and decreasing to 18.18/1 00,000 in 2002 (R2 = 0.12). A slight increase was verified in the incidence rate of breast cancer in Goiânia. A1though mortality remained unchanged from 1988 through 2002, a very discrete decline was detected for the last seven years.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Brazil , Incidence , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis
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